INVESTIGATOR IN JOURNALIST'S MURDER CASE KILLED

MEXICO: SECOND INVESTIGATOR IN JOURNALIST'S MURDER CASE KILLED

Last November in Ciudad Juárez, Mexican crime journalist Armando Rodríguez was killed in front of his daughter on the way to school. In July, the federal investigator who was leading the Rodríguez case was gunned down, and less than a month later, his replacement suffered the same fate, say Reporters Without Borders (RSF) and the Committee to Protect Journalists
(CPJ).

Perhaps the murders are coincidental - police have yet to determine if they are linked, but they are emblematic of the problems journalists face in the border city of Ciudad Juárez, where organised crime groups routinely threaten reporters who write stories that might expose their operations, say CPJ, RSF and IFEX's members in Mexico.

The bullet-riddled body of Pablo Pasillas Fong was found on 26 August in Ciudad Juárez, where he had been heading the investigation into the murder of Rodríguez.

Pasillas had replaced investigator Jose Ibarra Limón, who was killed near his home on 27 July. According to CPJ, for his own safety, Ibarra worked in a compound surrounded by thick walls approximately 10 feet high and was guarded by men armed with assault rifles. Ibarra was responsible for several sensitive cases involving organised crime in addition to the
Rodríguez case.

Not surprisingly, on 28 August, the head of the office in charge of investigating Rodríguez's murder resigned his position and left the city "for security reasons," according to CPJ sources.

Following Rodríguez's murder, most journalists in the city say they write mostly superficial stories about organised crime, says CPJ.

"We have learned the lesson: to survive, we publish the minimum," said Alfredo Quijano, editor of the major newspaper "Norte de Ciudad Juárez". It is well known that cartel money flows into local political campaigns, police are bought or scared off from investigation, and cartels are
expanding their activities into kidnapping and extortion.

"We don't investigate. Even at that, most of what we know stays in the reporter's notebook," Quijano added. And those that dare to publish "have to leave the country quickly."

According to RSF, the war between rival cartels that plagues the border city has been deadly for the media. Of the 50 journalists who have been killed in Mexico since the start of 2000, six were working in Ciudad Juárez. With 30 murders per 100,000 inhabitants in 2008, Ciudad Juárez is
considered to be the world's most dangerous city. And eight journalists have gone missing since 2000 in Mexico, giving it the unfortunate distinction of being the country with the most disappearances of journalists worldwide, says RSF.

Adding to the violence is the near-total impunity in murder cases. According to CPJ sources, only a small percentage of cases are solved, even when the victim is a police officer.

In the face of a wave of attacks against free expression in Mexico, the National Human Rights Commission (CNDH) recently declared every attack on journalists to be a direct attack on the rule of law. It pointed fingers directly at the authorities: their inaction results in impunity and encourages those who use violence to protect their own interests, CNDH said. CNDH submitted their comments to the governors of all the Mexican states and the federal attorney general.

While a group of free expression organisations, including four IFEX members, welcomed the CNDH recommendation, it called for a "clear mechanism" to carry out this work, such as the establishment of a federal Committee for the Protection of Journalists. The group also reiterated its call for crimes against free expression to be federalised, and for the judiciary to conduct investigations and ensure transparency in the cases that are already under consideration.

Related stories on IFEX.org:
- Officer investigating journalist's murder shot dead in Ciudad Juárez:
http://www.ifex.org/mexico/2009/08/28/pasillas_killed/
- JOINT ACTION: Four IFEX members express their position regarding the
National Human Rights Commission's recommendation on crimes against
journalists: http://www.ifex.org/mexico/2009/08/21/rec_17_ja/

More on the web:
- Second investigator on murder case killed in Mexico (CPJ):
http://cpj.org/blog/2009/08/second-investigator-of-journalists-death-murdered.php
- Special Report: Reporting, and Surviving, in Ciudad Juárez (CPJ):
http://cpj.org/reports/2009/06/mexico-special-report-reporting-in-juarez.php
- The enemies of press freedom to blame for journalists who disappear
(RSF): http://www.rsf.org/spip.php?page=article&id_article=34333


http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=27798&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html

Azerbaijan: ARTICLE 19 Condemns Conviction of Journalists for Defamation

Azerbaijan: ARTICLE 19 Condemns Conviction of Journalists for Defamation

Two senior journalists were found guilty and sentenced to prison on defamation charges in a Baku district court on 22 July 2009. ARTICLE 19 condemns the conviction of Faramaz Novruzoglu and Sardar Alibeyli, editor-in-chief and deputy editor of Nota newspaper, and calls upon the Government of Azerbaijan to repeal all provisions relating to defamation from the Criminal Code.

Novruzoglu (also known as Faramaz Allahverdiyev) and Alibeyli were convicted under Articles 148 and 147.2 of the Azerbaijani Criminal Code and each was sentenced to three months’ imprisonment. Another Nota journalist, Ramiz Tagiyev, was also sentenced to six months’ conditional imprisonment.

Novruzoglu and Alibeyli have both faced previous convictions for defamation. Just two days before, on 20 July, Alibeyli received another seven-month conditional sentence on defamation charges. In January 2007, both journalists were convicted on defamation charges as the result of a lawsuit filed by the Minister of Internal Affairs. Alibeyli received a sentence of 18 months of “reformatory works” and Novruzoglu was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment; he was released almost a year later after a presidential pardon.

“It is deeply ironic that these latest convictions occurred on 22 July – Azerbaijan’s National Press Day,” comments ARTICLE 19 Executive Director, Dr Agnès Callamard. The events also take place amidst an international outcry about the continued detention of two Azerbaijani bloggers on spurious charges, and just one day after the UN Human Rights Committee examined Azerbaijan’s implementation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, including those related to the country’s freedom of expression commitments.

ARTICLE 19 believes that the current provisions on defamation and insult in the Criminal Code, along with the Government’s unremitting implementation of these provisions, represent a serious impediment to freedom of expression in Azerbaijan.

ARTICLE 19, together with other international organisations such as the Council of Europe and the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe, have repeatedly urged the Government to abolish criminal defamation. Just this week, on 21 July, UN Human Rights Committee experts stated that libel and slander should be civil, rather than criminal, offenses. These latest convictions highlight once more the need for defamation to be decriminalised in Azerbaijan

“Such enforcement of criminal defamation provisions has a chilling effect on the work of journalists and other media workers, who may engage in self-censorship out of fear of prosecution”, says Callamard. “These sorts of criminal defamation provisions send the wrong message about the country’s commitment to human rights and freedom of expression, and we call on the Government of Azerbaijan to eliminate them from the law”.

NOTES TO EDITORS:

• For more information please contact: Nathalie Losekoot, Senior Programme Officer, Europe, at: +44 796 985 6069 or nathalie@article19.org; or Barbora Bukovska, Senior Director for Law, at: +44 207 324 2500 or barbora@article19.org;
• For a full analysis of Azerbaijan’s defamation laws, please see ARTICLE 19’s Memorandum on Laws of the Republic of Azerbaijan Relating to the Protection of Reputation, available at http://www.article19.org/pdfs/analysis/azerbaijan-defamation-2004.pdf.
• For more detailed information about the UN Human Rights Committee’s review of Azerbaijan’s implementation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, go to http://www.unog.ch/unog/website/news_media.nsf/(httpNewsByYear_en)/E5775263F214EA6EC12575FA0037210B?OpenDocument

Amnesty International is awarding Aung San Suu Kyi

Prosecutors for Burma's military government have made their final arguments in a case that could send pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi to prison for five years.

Defense lawyer Nyan Win told that despite nearly four hours of closing arguments Monday, the prosecution's case seemed "legally weak."

Prosecutors accuse Aung San Suu Kyi of violating the terms of her house arrest in May by allowing an American man to rest at her home after he swam there uninvited.

The court also heard from the American's lawyers, and received closing statements from two female companions living with Aung San Suu Kyi. All of them could face jail time.

Lawyer Nyan Win said the court trial has adjourned until Tuesday, when Aung San Suu Kyi's legal team will respond to the prosecution's arguments.

Nyan Win said the team is seeking to question a witness from the Foreign Ministry, who reports say told a human rights group that Aung San Suu Kyi was detained for her own "security" and not on criminal charges.

A verdict in the case is not expected for a couple of weeks.

A researcher for the human rights group Amnesty International says the trial has not been free or fair. Benjamin Zawacki says Aung San Suu Kyi should not have been detained in the first place.

The 64-year-old peace and democracy activist has spent 14 of the past 20 years under house arrest.

Amnesty International is awarding its highest honor to Aung San Suu Kyi on Monday.

The Ambassador of Conscience Award is to be formally announced at a concert in Dublin by Bono, the lead singer of the Irish band U2 and an award winner himself.

Source : Burma Wraps Up Case Against Aung Sang Suu Kyi By VOA News, Washington DC
27-July-2009

Sri Lanka: Deteriorating Press Freedom Continues Post-Conflict

Sri Lanka: Deteriorating Press Freedom Continues Post-Conflict

Today the International Press Freedom Mission to Sri Lanka, of which ARTICLE 19 is a member, issued an open letter to Sri Lankan President Mahinda Rajapaksa expressing extreme concern over the deterioration of press freedom despite the military victory over the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.

The International Press Freedom Mission to Sri Lanka has outlined an 11-point plan to the government of Sri Lanka to redress the perilous condition of press freedom.

In particular, the Mission has asked the government to:
1. Combat impunity through the creation of a Special Prosecutor's Office for the investigation of crimes against the media;
2. Put in place effective measures to ensure that all journalists can work safely.
3. Release imprisoned journalist J.S. Tissainayagam and his colleagues B. Jasiharan and V. Vallarmathy;
4. Release the first results of the investigation into the murder of Lasantha Wickrematunge;
5. Provide full and unconditional access to the IDP camps for all media;
6. Repeal the Press Council Act No. 5 of 1973;
7. Introduce training for the police, army and the intelligence agencies on freedom of expression;
8. Award financial compensation to journalists who have been arbitrarily detained, beaten or otherwise harassed by security forces;
9. Invite the UN Special Rapporteur for Freedom and Expression to visit Sri Lanka;
10. Work with the state-owned media to ensure the immediate end to direct verbal attacks and threats against independent journalists and press freedom activists; and
11. Introduce structural legal reforms to create an enabling environment for a free and independent media.

NOTES TO EDITORS:

o For more information please contact Toby Mendel, a19law@hfx.eastlink.ca , tel +1 902 431-3688.
o The full text of the letter can be found at: http://www.article19.org/pdfs/letters/open-letter-to-his-excellency-president-mahinda-rajapaksa.pdf

Poland: ARTICLE 19 calls on Polish President to Veto Media Law

Poland: ARTICLE 19 calls on Polish President to Veto Media Law
Today ARTICLE 19: Global Campaign for Free Expression issued an open letter to Polish President Lech Kaczynski urging him not to promulgate the country's new Law on Public Activity within the Sphere of Media Services.
ARTICLE 19 believes that the recently adopted Media Law ("Ustawa o zadaniach publicznych w dziedzinach mediów") fails to meet international standards on public service broadcasting and should not enter into force unless significantly improved.

In particular, ARTICLE 19 is concerned with that the new legislation does not secure financial, editorial and regulatory independence of the country's public service broadcaster and leaves it vulnerable to potential political and financial pressures. Noting the importance of public service media for Polish society, and stressing the obligation of Poland to abide by international standards, ARTICLE 19 has called on President Kaczynski to veto the law and to send it back to parliament for further revision.
NOTES TO EDITORS:

o For more information please contact Anoush Begoyan, Programme Officer for Europe at anoushb@article19.org or tel +44 20 7324 2500.
o The full text of the letter can be found at: http://www.article19.org/pdfs/letters/poland-law-on-public-activity.pdf

Azerbaijan: ARTICLE 19 Deplores Harassment of Internet Journalists

Azerbaijan: ARTICLE 19 Deplores Harassment of Internet Journalists

ARTICLE 19 calls on the Government of Azerbaijan to immediately drop the politically-motivated charges of hooliganism against two journalists, Emin Milli and Adnan Hajizade, who are currently being held in pre-trial detention.


Milli, who works for ANTV Online, and Hajizade, a video blogger, were detained on 8 July 2009, after they reported being assaulted in a Baku restaurant to police. They were allegedly attacked in a restaurant by two individuals who demanded that they stop discussing politics; Milli and Hajizade had been sitting with a group of young people, discussing the activities of their youth organisations. When Milli and Hajizade appealed to police at the Sabail District Police Department and requested medical assistance, they were instead detained under charges of "hooliganism" (under Article 221.2.1 of the Azerbaijani Criminal Code). On 10 July, the Sabail District Court ordered Milli and Hajizade to be detained for two months in pre-trial detention.

ARTICLE 19 is concerned that these events are another measure by the Azerbaijani authorities to silence independent and opposition journalists.

This is not the first time the Azerbaijani authorities have used criminal charges, such as "hooliganism" to intimidate journalists in cases considered to be politically motivated. In November 2007, the editor-in-chief of opposition newspaper Azadliq, Ganimat Zahid, was arrested and sentenced to four years in prison in March 2008. A similar charge was used in the case of Yeni Musavat columnist Mahal Ismayiloglu, who was convicted on 1 July 2009 and received a two-year suspended sentence.

"It is unacceptable that these two men, who were subjected to an unprovoked attack, should now face criminal charges," comments Dr Agnès Callamard, ARTICLE 19 Executive Director. "The authorities are persecuting the victims, rather than the perpetrators, in a manner which looks entirely politically motivated."

Milli and Hajizade's detention happens against a backdrop of other disturbing actions by the Azerbaijani authorities, which have had a negative impact on freedom of expression in the country. For example, on 10 May 2009, police used physical force against four journalists who were covering events related to the annual Flower Holiday, as well as beating members of the public and detaining approximately 50 demonstrators. In addition, the Azerbaijani authorities have yet to disclose the findings of their investigation into the killing of 13 people at the State Oil Academy in Baku on 30 April 2009. Journalists attempting to investigate these killings were prevented by authorities from accessing information.

The Government of Azerbaijan has ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and ARTICLE 19 calls on the authorities to respect its commitments under international law. We also request the authorities to immediately release Emin Milli and Adnan Hajizade without charge, and to thoroughly investigate and prosecute those responsible for assaulting them.

NOTES TO EDITORS:

o For more information, please contact Nathalie Losekoot, Senior Programme Officer, Europe, nathalie@article19.org ; tel +44 20 7324 2509.
o The "Flower Holiday" is an annual celebration of the birthday of former President Geydar Aliyev on 10 May. This year students called for it to be cancelled, to commemorate 13 people killed at the State Oil Academy in Baku on 30 April 2009.

United Kingdom to Decriminalise Defamation

13 July 2009

United Kingdom: United Kingdom to Decriminalise Defamation

On Friday, 10 July 2009, the government of the United Kingdom formally committed to decriminalising defamation by doing away with the common law offences of sedition, seditious libel and defamatory libel.

The proposed amendment to the Coroners and Justice Bill was originally put forward in the House of Commons by Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament, Dr Evan Harris, after discussions with ARTICLE 19 (of which he is a board member). Lord Lester of Herne Hill also tabled a debate in the House of Lords last Thursday.

ARTICLE 19 has been campaigning for the decriminalisation of defamation, both in the UK and globally, for many years. Of the 168 countries surveyed by ARTICLE 19, 158 have criminal defamation laws and 113 countries have laws offering special protection to the most powerful and privileged figures in public life. These laws shield public figures from criticism, public scrutiny and investigation by virtue of the power they hold, thereby eating at the very heart of global efforts to promote good governance and combat corruption.

ARTICLE 19 warmly welcomes this initiative to abolish criminal defamation in the UK, which will make Britain the first Western European country to take this step. Even where criminal defamation laws have fallen into disuse, as was largely the case in the UK, the existence of these laws on the statute books provides more repressive governments around the world with the excuse they need not only to refuse to repeal of defamation laws but also to make active use of such laws to imprison journalists, writers and others.

The UK will now join other countries which have done away with criminal defamation, including Bosnia & Herzegovina, Estonia, Georgia and Ukraine in Europe, and Ghana, Sri Lanka, the United States, New Zealand and Mexico globally.

“This measure will send a very strong and clear signal globally that democracies do not have criminal defamation laws,” says Dr Agnès Callamard, Executive Director, ARTICLE 19. “No longer will repressive countries be able to justify their criminal defamation laws on the basis that such laws exist in established democracies such as the UK.

“Defamation, both civil and criminal, is one of the greatest threats to freedom of expression in the world today. It is a global problem that requires global action,” continues Callamard.

Dr Harris comments, “The acceptance by the Government that our retention of these repressive laws causes much more harm than good is welcome. The UK must set an example to the world in getting rid of anti-free speech offenses.”

ARTICLE 19 urges other countries to follow suit and do away with criminal defamation.

NOTES TO EDITORS:

• For more information please contact: Toby Mendel, Senior Legal Counsel, a19law@hfx.eastlink.ca, +1 902 431-3688.
• ARTICLE 19 has conducted extensive research into criminal and civil defamation worldwide and has published our findings in a series of online maps, which are located at: http://www.article19.org/advocacy/defamationmap/map/.
www.article19.org/advocacy/defamationmap/map/

41 Journalists Jailed in Iran

Watchdog Report: 41 Journalists Jailed in Iran
By VOA News
12-July-2009

The press freedom organization Reporters Without Borders says it is concerned by what it calls the growing repression of journalists and cyber-dissidents in Iran.

In a report issued Sunday, the RSF (known by the French acronym for Reporters Sans Frontieres) announced the detention of five more journalists. RSF says 41 journalists are currently imprisoned in Iran a month after the country's contested election.

RSF says Iran is currently the world's biggest prison for journalists, and is becoming the world's most dangerous place for them to operate.

RSF says the recently-detained journalists include photographers Majid Saidi and Tohid Bighi, blogger Henghameh Shahidi, and journalists Somaieh Nosrati and Said Matinpour.

According to RSF, four of the five are being held in secret locations with no information about their condition being released to their families or legal representatives.

EIGHTY ARRESTED IN STANDOFF OVER CONTROL OF PERAK STATE: MALAYSIA

MALAYSIA: EIGHTY ARRESTED IN STANDOFF OVER CONTROL OF PERAK STATE

Last week the Malaysian government under new Prime Minister Najib Abdul
Razak arrested nearly 80 writers, opposition members and activists who were
protesting the takeover of the northern state of Perak by the ruling
federal government coalition Barisan Nasional, reports IFEX interim member
the Centre for Independent Journalism (CIJ) in Malaysia.

The slew of arrests started on 5 May when police first targeted academic
and writer Wong Chin Huat. As spokesperson for the Coalition for Free and
Fair Elections (BERSIH), Wong helped initiate the "1BlackMalaysia"
campaign, calling Malaysians to wear black on the day the Perak State
Legislative Assembly was to reconvene on 7 May.

Wong was arrested at his home and effectively put out of commission when
police obtained a remand order against him until 8 May. Wong also chairs
the Writers' Alliance for Media Independence (WAMI) and has written
extensively against the undemocratic means the ruling coalition has used to
gain power.

CIJ said Wong's case was "an act of intimidation by the police against
activists critical of the government. Citizens and interest groups have the
right to express their political views and opinions without fear of
persecution."

Sixty others were arrested on 6 May at a protest rally in Ipoh, capital of
Perak, including eight parliamentarians from the opposition pact Pakatan.
Another 14 people were detained for attending a candlelight vigil for Wong
in front of a Kuala Lumpur police station.

The arrests come during an ongoing power struggle for the Perak state
government. In a controversial move in February, the Sultan of Perak
accepted the defection of three state assembly members from the opposition,
which allowed the Barisan Nasional coalition to regain control - despite
having lost the state in the 2008 general election. Barisan Nasional has
also been accused of trying to shut down debate about the role of the
monarchy.

CIJ says that without any law reforms, supposedly independent institutions
such as the police force, the mainstream media and the judiciary remain
shackled and are becoming "instruments to maintain the power of the ruling
government."

Najib's actions "raise worry that the clampdown will be the first of more
to come," warned CIJ.

Visit these links:
- CIJ: http://www.ifex.org/en/content/view/full/102929/
- CIJ on Wong's arrest: http://www.ifex.org/en/content/view/full/102924/
- IFEX Malaysia page: http://tinyurl.com/3o3ywy

Bangladesh : Fellowships to Women Journalists

Bangladesh: ARTICLE 19 Awards Fellowships to Women Journalists
ARTICLE 19 in Bangladesh is pleased to announce that twelve women journalists working at the grassroots level have been awarded fellowships to enable them to investigate issues relevant to their local communities.
Working in partnership with Massline Media Centre (MMC), ARTICLE 19 announced the fellowship recipients’ names at an orientation workshop on 17 February. A competitive selection process resulted in a high number of applications from female print journalists working at the district and upazila (sub-district) levels of the country. The fellows will be provided with a stipend for three months, to support them to produce and publish investigative reports on access to information, development and human rights issues. They will also benefit from mentoring by a senior journalist and advice from ARTICLE 19 and MMC.Kamrun Nahar, a fellowship recipient, said that “an ARTICLE 19 fellowship on journalism is a huge recognition of my work and the struggles that we endure, as we continue to bring grassroots issues to the mainstream. I am delighted to be awarded along with other peers in the profession.”Female journalists working at the grassroots face many challenges, including low pay, loose contractual arrangements, and a lack of protection from threats, harassment and litigation. With very limited institutional support and opportunities for professional development, they must often rely on their own individual tenacity and commitment. “This programme will build the capacity and confidence of junior and mid-level female journalists and will enhance their profile as advocates for freedom of expression,” commented Tahmina Rahman, Director of ARTICLE 19 Bangladesh. “They have a critical role in ensuring freedom of expression and access to information by bringing diverse perspectives from different corners of the country.”

NOTES TO EDITORS:
• For more information please contact Tahmina Rahman, Director ARTICLE 19 Bangladesh at tahmina@article19.org or +0171-303-9669.

Artist Alert :Around the World

Artist Alert

January 2009

Art, in any form, constitutes a key medium through which information and ideas are imparted and received. Artist Alert, launched by ARTICLE 19 in 2008, highlights cases of artists around the world whose right to freedom of expression has been curtailed and abused, and seeks to more effectively promote and defend freedom to create.

Thailand: beware imprisonment for authors mentioning head of state

Australian author and university lecturer Harry Nicolaides has now been sentenced to three years imprisonment for defaming the King of Thailand in his 2005 book.Nicolaides was arrested at Bangkok airport in 2008 under Article 112 of the Criminal Code and has pleaded guilty on charges of slandering the King. According to Nicolaides the book named Verisimilitude is a contextual political examination of Thailand.ARTICLE 19 reported on the case in Artist Alert: September 2008 and highlighted how the Thai authorities use lese majeste or “insulting the King” legislation to limit free speech in a country where the King is also the head of state.Nicolaides is not the first foreigner to be sentenced in Thailand under lese majeste. In 2007 a Swiss national was also given 10 years imprisonment for a similar reason.The Thai government decided in January to create an extraordinary Senate committee to continue to administer the restrictions on free speech, and block 10,000 websites deemed offensive under lese majeste legislation. The Foreign Ministry consequently agreed to build a public relations campaign through its embassies to educate foreigners about the restrictions.

Turkey: famous poet welcomed back after 45 years of exile
After receiving a petition with over 500,000 names Turkey has reinstated the citizenship of deceased poet Nazim Hikmet. Hikmet’s poems, plays and novels were banned and he was imprisoned for a decade before being exiled to the Soviet Union for alleged communist views in 1951. The Turkish government has acknowledged that the charges can no longer be considered a crime, and are in fact an illegitimate restriction of free expression.


China: artists detained for the Olympics are still imprisoned
Seven months after the end of the Beijing Olympics Chinese painter Wang Mingyue and photographer Jin Xiaohui are still imprisoned in Tuanhe forced labour camp under the pretext of “safeguarding the Olympic Games”. Wang and Jin, both alleged members of the banned organisation Falun Gong, were arrested in July 2008 in the run up to games along with many other activists and minority groups. Wang in particular is an internationally acclaimed painter and was asked to paint the portrait of former British Prime Minister Edward Heath.

Lebanon: Golden Globe winning film banned
Israeli film Waltz with Bashir has been banned in Lebanon despite documenting an important period of modern Lebanese history and winning a Golden Globe for Best Foreign Film. The film observes the 1982 killings of Palestinians in refugee camps that took place by Lebanese militias following the assassination of Lebanese President Bashir Gemayel. The film’s director Ari Folman also briefly examines the role of the Israeli government in the killings, as Lebanon was under Israeli occupation at the time. The ban is part of a larger prohibition of any goods that originate from Israel.


Mexico: publication reveals many fines for perverting traditional songs
The publication of the extent of fines imposed on broadcasters for playing Narcocorrido music in Mexico has revealed far higher levels of curbing than was previously assumed. Narco-corrido is a modern adaptation of a very popular oral tradition from northern Mexico that explores stories about the poor and destitute as well as criminal leaders, similar to some urban rap and hip-hop music. The music is banned in Mexico under the pretext that it glamorises criminals and aids in the recruitment of new gang members.

India: police guard Slumdog Millionaire from slums
Following the ransacking of a theatre in Bihar Indian police are guarding cinemas across eastern India. The protesters argue that the title of newly released film Slumdog Millionaire is derogatory toward the millions of people in India that reside in slums. Civil society activists have also filed public interest litigation against the film.

Yemen: singer faces trial again despite Presidential pardon
Yemeni comedian and singer Fahd al Qarni is yet again facing a court case for insulting President Ali Abdullah Saleh, despite a presidential pardon when the case was brought to court in 2008. Al Qarni’s music is a combination of traditional folk music laced with humour and political criticism of government policies. As the music was not authorised by Yemen’s Ministry of Culture, both vendors and al Qarni have been investigated and charged, and al Qarni was sentenced to 18 months imprisonment and a fine in 2008 before being pardoned.

China: international authors call for release of Chinese dissident
International authors including Margaret Atwood, Wole Soyinka, Salman Rushdie and Ian McEwan have called for the release of well-known Chinese activist Liu Xiaobo. Liu is a former president of Chinese PEN and was arrested in December 2008 for his part in the production of a publication calling for reforms in China titled Charter 08. Liu, who originally spent years in prison for taking part in the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests in Beijing, is the only author of Charter 08 to have been arrested.

FOR MORE INFORMATION:
• ARTICLE 19 considers that freedom to create is an essential attribute of freedom of expression, a fundamental human right. It is guaranteed under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR) as follows: Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes the right to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media regardless of frontiers.”

ARTICLE 19 considers that, in the absence of a specific intention to promote hatred or to commit a recognised criminal offence, censorship or criminal measures against artistic expression are illegitimate. We recognise that art may at times be offensive to some or even to many, but mere offence is not an appropriate threshold for curtailing freedom of expression.

• For more information: please contact Oliver Spencer, oliver@article19.org, +44 20 7278 9292